Advanced Organic Chemistry: 1H NMR spectrum of bromomethane CH3Br

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Interpreting the H-1 (proton) NMR spectrum of bromomethane (methyl bromide)

[Author ©  Dr Phil Brown PhD: Doc Brown's advanced level organic chemistry exam revision notes suitable for students of UK A level chemistry courses & US K12 grade 11, grade 12 & AP honors chemistry courses: Molecular spectroscopy of bromomethane [updated Mar 20th 2026 *]

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H-1 proton NMR spectroscopy - spectra index

Introductory note on the 1H NMR spectra of bromomethane

Students and teachers please note my explanation of the proton NMR spectrum of bromomethane is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

The chemical shift δ splitting pattern effects for bromomethane are confined to a proton spin-spin coupling effects analysed using the n+1 rule for adjacent non-equivalent proton fields (n is the number of neighbouring protons in a non-equivalent different chemical environment for the bromomethane molecule).

It is assumed that the integrated intensities of the 1H NMR δ chemical shifts give the ratio of the protons in the different non-equivalent chemical environments of the bromomethane molecule.

The most common solvent used for investigating the 1H NMR spectrum of compounds like bromomethane, is CDCl3 and other deuterated solvents to avoid confusion with a 1H NMR signal, 2D (2H) has a different NMR chemical shift.

CH3Br low and high resolution 1H proton nmr spectrum of bromomethane analysis interpretation of chemical shifts ppm spin spin line splitting diagram H1 H-1 nmr for methyl bromide explaining spin-spin coupling for line splitting doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

TMS is the acronym for tetramethylsilane, formula Si(CH3)4, whose protons are arbitrarily given a chemical shift of 0.0 ppm. This is the 'standard' in 1H NMR spectroscopy and all other proton resonances, called chemical shifts, are measured with respect to the TMS, and depend on the individual (electronic) chemical environment of the hydrogen atoms in an organic molecule - bromomethane here.

The chemical shifts quoted in ppm on the diagram of the H-1 NMR spectrum of bromomethane represent the peaks of the intensity of the chemical shifts of (which are often groups of split lines at high resolution) AND the relative integrated areas under the peaks gives you the ratio of protons in the different chemical environments of the bromomethane molecule.

Bromomethane, CH3Br (methyl bromide)

The molecular structure and naming of haloalkanes

Interpreting the H-1 NMR spectrum of bromomethane

There is only one 1H chemical shift observed, because there is only one protonated carbon atom attached to three equivalent hydrogen atoms in the same chemical environment - whose fields cannot split each other, so all you see in the 1H NMR spectrum of bromomethane is a single singlet resonance - only one chemical shift observed.

Comparing the 1H NMR chemical shift of bromomethane with other halogen compounds

(1) Comparing monosubstituted halogen derivatives of methane

Compound fluoromethane chloromethane bromomethane iodomethane methane
Formula CH3F CH3Cl CH3Br CH3I CH4
1H chemical shift/ppm 4.10 3.05 2.68 2.16 0.23
13C chemical shift/ppm 74.7 28.7 10.2 -24.0 -2.3
Pauling electronegativity F   4.0 Cl   3.0 Br   2.8 I   2.5 H   2.1

With the increase in electronegativity of the halogen, the 1H chemical shift for these molecules steadily increases.

(2) Comparing the effects of increasing halogen substitution of methane

Comparing the effect of polysubstitution of methane with chlorine.
Compound methane chloromethane

bromomethane

 dichloromethane

dibromomethane

 trichloromethane

tribromomethane

 tetrachloromethane

tetrabromomethane
Formula CH4 CH3Cl

CH3Br

 CH2Cl2

CH2Br2

 CHCl3

CHBr3

 CCl4

CBr4
1H chemical shift/ppm 0.23 3.05

2.68

 5.30

4.95

 7.26

6.83

 -

-
13C chemical shift/ppm - -

-

 53.5

19.2

 77.2

9.74

 96.1

-29.7

With increase in halogen substitution, the 1H and 13 C NMR chemical shift is increased.

Increasing the number of atoms more electronegative than carbon or hydrogen, increases the 1H or 13C NMR chemical shift.

The splitting pattern from proton spin-spin coupling effects is analysed using the n+1 rule for adjacent non-equivalent proton fields (n is the number of neighbouring protons in a non-equivalent different chemical environment).

Number of directly adjacent protons 1H causing splitting Splitting pattern produced from the n+1 rule on spin-spin coupling and the theoretical ratio of line intensities
0 means no splitting             1            
1 creates a doublet           1   1          
2 creates a triplet         1   2   1        
3 creates a quartet       1   3   3   1      
4 creates a quintet     1   4   6   4   1    
5 creates a sextet   1   5   10   10   5   1  
6 creates a septet 1   6   15   20   15   6   1

Key words & phrases: formula Interpreting the proton H-1 NMR spectra of bromomethane, low resolution & high resolution proton nmr spectra of bromomethane, H-1 nmr spectrum of bromomethane, understanding the hydrogen-1 nmr spectrum of bromomethane, explaining the line splitting patterns from spin-spin coupling  in the high resolution H-1 nmr spectra of bromomethane, revising the H-1 nmr spectrum of bromomethane, proton nmr of bromomethane, ppm chemical shifts of the H-1 nmr spectrum of bromomethane, explaining and analyzing spin spin line splitting in the H-1 nmr spectrum, how to construct the diagram of the H-1 nmr spectrum of bromomethane, how to work out the number of chemically different protons in the structure of the bromomethane organic molecule, how to analyse the chemical shifts in the hydrogen-1 H-1 proton NMR spectrum of bromomethane using the n+1 rule to explain the spin - spin coupling ine splitting in the proton nmr spectrum of bromomethane deducing the nature of the protons from the chemical shifts ppm in the H-1 nmr spectrum of bromomethane examining the 1H nmr spectrum of  bromomethane analysing the 1-H nmr spectrum of bromomethane how do you sketch and interpret the H-1 NMR spectrum of bromomethane interpreting interpretation of the 1H proton spin-spin coupling causing line splitting in the NMR spectrum of bromomethane  assignment of chemical shifts in the proton 1H NMR spectrum of bromomethane formula explaining spin-spin coupling for line splitting methyl bromide How do you interpret the H-1 NMR spectrum of bromomethane How to interpret the H-1 NMR spectrum of bromomethane Explanatory diagram of the chemical shifts of the 1H H-1 proton NMR spectrum of the bromomethane molecule in terms of its molecular structure. Listing data of all the chemical shift peaks in ppm in the proton NMR spectrum of bromomethane. How to explain the H-1 NMR spectrum of bromomethane. The chemical shifts and  integrated values of the proton ratios in the 1-H NMR spectrum of the bromomethane molecule. How to work out the molecular structure of the bromomethane molecule from its proton NMR spectrum. The uses and distinctive features of the proton NMR spectrum of the bromomethane molecule explained. What does the H-1 proton NMR spectrum chemical shifts tell us about the structure and properties of the bromomethane molecule? explaining the spin-spin proton coupling effects in the 1H NMR spectrum of bromomethane. interpretation diagram explaining the proton splitting pattern produced from the n+1 rule and the theoretical ratio of chemical shift and values of intensities for the proton NMR spectrum lines of bromomethane

Links associated with bromomethane

The infrared spectrum of bromomethane

The mass spectrum of bromomethane

The C-13 NMR spectrum of bromomethane

The chemistry of HALOGENOALKANES (haloalkanes) revision notes INDEX

H-1 proton NMR spectroscopy index  (Please read 8 points at the top of the 1H NMR index page)

ALL SPECTROSCOPY INDEXES

All Advanced Organic Chemistry Notes

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